climatic phenomena ...what comes to your mind when you think about climatic phenomena ??? Yes but i thought about it an wanted know yhe phenomena and fact behind temperature distribution.
When i went through depth of the fact i found that there are number of climatic phenomena which affect the Indian ocean dipole,El Nino,La Nina,Equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation etc who had a great impact on temparature distribution but also over oceans ,directions and intensity of flow of the moisture laden winds..
Here, the phenomena El Nino and La Nina are two phases of "ENSO" . Thus ENSO stands for El nino-Southern Oscillation. Its an scientific term that describes the fluctuation in temperature between the ocean and the atmosphere in the east central.
The the El Nino is known as the warm phase of ENSO and La Nina is the cold phase of the same. In El Nino the trade wind moves from east to west direction here, we can see that the wind that blows in the coast of eastern and center pacific there is normally cool surface water but because of El Nino it changes to warm wind and the flow of east to west wind either reverse their directions or get lost.
And due to this warm water the air gets up and surface air pressure above eastern pacific and gets down .on the otherhand the Western pacific and Asia recieves cold water and this leads to rise in surface pressure over the Indian Ocean,Indonesia and Australia.
Thus the pressure over the coasts reduces because of warm sea water .hence the moister laden winds moves towards the western coasts. Now the warm water causes lots of clouds geeting formed in that area, causing heavy rainfall in western deserts during El Nino years. Thus it causes momsoon rains in Indian subcontinent. The greater the temparature & pressure difference,the greater would be the shortage in the rainfall in India.
Whereas, La Nina is a cooling of water in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Here,the cold water gets colder than normal . There is no reversal of the trade wind but causes strong high pressure over Eastern Equatorial Pacific. For which low pressure over the Western Pacific and Asia which causes drought,high-low pressure in the coast areas,heavy flood..and it finally the countries like Australia,Africa,India etc suffres. This was what i think necessary for all of us to know about these facts and climatic changes ..
